What could happen if a pump is operated without sufficient inlet flow?

When a pump is operated without sufficient inlet flow, it can lead to a phenomenon known as cavitation. Cavitation occurs when the pressure within the pump drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped. This results in the formation of vapor bubbles in the fluid. As these bubbles travel through the pump and move into areas of higher pressure, they implode violently. This implosion can cause significant physical damage to the internal components of the pump, including erosion of the impeller and casing, which can result in decreased efficiency and ultimately the failure of the pump.

Cavitations can also lead to increased operational noise and vibration, further contributing to wear and tear. Ensuring adequate inlet flow is critical for the longevity and efficient performance of hydraulic pumps, as it prevents cavitation and maintains stable operation.